Identification of aluminum resistant Andean common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes

Ano: 2009 | Volume: 21 | Número: 4

Autores: Matthew W. Blair, Hernán D. López-Marín, Idupulapati M. Rao

Palavras-chave: abiotic stress, acid soils, aluminum resistance, andean gene pool, common bean, root architecture

Resumo Inglês:

Aluminum (Al) toxicity is the principal abiotic constraint in acid soils of the tropics. Common bean, meanwhile, is for the most part
very sensitive to this stress although certain genotypes within the species show some level of resistance, justifying screening of
germplasm from both the Andean and Mesoamerican genepools to identify better performing sources. The objective of this study was
to evaluate 36 genotypes of common bean under hydroponic conditions to identify root morphological traits that could be associated
with Al resistance. A total of five root traits (elongation rate of the primary root, total root length, root biomass, average root diameter
and specific root length) were measured using a simple nutrient solution with or without Al (20 μM) over a 48 hour growth period
with the experiments conducted in five replicates. We found that genotypes from the Andean gene pool were more resistant to Al
than Mesoamerican genotypes under these conditions, based on a smaller decrease in the elongation rate of the primary root, total
root length, specific root length and a lesser increase in root diameter in the presence of Al in nutrient solution. These root traits but
not root biomass can serve as selection criteria to distinguish between Al-resistant and Al-sensitive genotypes.