We present a discussion of some of the ideas and facts that led to the conception of the fundamental structure of nature in terms of basic constituents and fundamental interactions. Nume quasi-historical approach, we present the construction of ideas that led to the hypothesis of the existence of quarks. The phenomenological and conceptual implications of this model are discussed. The main features of the fundamental color interaction between quarks, based on gluon exchange, are then discussed. In the end, we mention the ordering that springs from this and the new conception regarding the fundamental structure of nature that was then established.
