Empreendimentos com porte e potencial poluidor precisam ser licenciados adequadamente, fiscalizados e monitorados durante e após suas operações de forma a evitar e/ou mitigar impactos nas suas áreas de influência. A Bacia Hidrográfica do córrego São Mateus (BHCSM), situada em zona rural de Juiz de Fora (MG), é impactada por várias atividades, destacando um aterro sanitário desativado e um parque industrial. O objetivo desse artigo foi monitorar as águas dos principais tributários da Bacia Hidrográfica do córrego São Mateus em relação à concentração de metais pesados. Escolheram-se pontos estratégicos em cada sub-bacia, antes da foz e encontro dos córregos Bocaina, Salvaterra e São Mateus, mensurados mensalmente entre janeiro e dezembro de 2014 através da Sonda Metalyser, aplicando-se o Índice de Contaminação (IC). Os resultados do IC permitiram verificar que os empreendimentos localizados nesta Bacia, em especial, o Park Sul e o Aterro Sanitário Salvaterra nos córregos Bocaina e Salvaterra, respectivamente, estão impactando negativamente a qualidade dessas águas. Metais como Hg, Cu, Pb e Zn são os que mais violaram a Resolução CONAMA 357/2005, direcionando desta forma a gestão, de modo a controlar as fontes destes metais que são acumulativos nos organismos e geram prejuízos a toda cadeia trófica. A população que habita essa região rural não é atendida por nenhuma concessionária de água, fazendo uso de nascentes e poços abaixo do nível desses córregos.
Palavras-chave: aterro sanitário, impactos ambientais, índice de contaminação, monitoramento ambiental, qualidade da água.
Large-scale enterprises with high potential to pollute need to be licensed, properly supervised and monitored during and after their operations to avoid and/or mitigate impacts in their areas of influence. The São Mateus Stream Basin (SMSB), located in rural area of Juiz de Fora (MG), is impacted by several activities, highlighting a deactivated landfill and an industrial park. This study monitored the concentration of heavy metals in the waters of the main tributaries of the SMSB. Strategic points were selected in each sub-basin, before the mouth and meeting of the Bocaina, Salvaterra and São Mateus Streams, measured monthly between January and December 2014 using the Metalyser probe, and applying the Contamination Index (CI). The CI results showed that the enterprises located in this basin, especially the Park Sul and Salvaterra Landfill in the Bocaina and Salvaterra Streams, respectively, are negatively impacting the quality of these waters. Metals such as Hg, Cu, Pb and Zn were the ones that most violated CONAMA Resolution 357/2005, directing management in order to control the sources of these metals, which are cumulative in organisms and damage the whole trophic chain. The inhabitants of this rural area are not served by any water concessionaire and make use of springs and wells below the level of these streams.
Large-scale enterprises with high potential to pollute need to be licensed, properly supervised and monitored during and after their operations to avoid and/or mitigate impacts in their areas of influence. The São Mateus Stream Basin (SMSB), located in rural area of Juiz de Fora (MG), is impacted by several activities, highlighting a deactivated landfill and an industrial park. This study monitored the concentration of heavy metals in the waters of the main tributaries of the SMSB. Strategic points were selected in each sub-basin, before the mouth and meeting of the Bocaina, Salvaterra and São Mateus Streams, measured monthly between January and December 2014 using the Metalyser probe, and applying the Contamination Index (CI). The CI results showed that the enterprises located in this basin, especially the Park Sul and Salvaterra Landfill in the Bocaina and Salvaterra Streams, respectively, are negatively impacting the quality of these waters. Metals such as Hg, Cu, Pb and Zn were the ones that most violated CONAMA Resolution 357/2005, directing management in order to control the sources of these metals, which are cumulative in organisms and damage the whole trophic chain. The inhabitants of this rural area are not served by any water concessionaire and make use of springs and wells below the level of these streams.
